Clean and Unclean Animals
(Deuteronomy 14:1–21; Acts 10:9–16)
The LORD spoke again to Moses and Aaron, telling them, “Say to the Israelites, ‘Of all the beasts of the earth, these ones you may eat: Heb 9:10Lev 11:11Mat 15:111Ti 4:4-6Act 10:12-14Dan 1:8Deu 14:3-21Ezk 4:14 You may eat any animal that has a split hoof completely divided and that chews the cud. 2Co 6:17Pro 2:101Ti 4:15Act 17:11Deu 16:3-8Deu 6:6-7Pro 9:6Psa 1:1-2
But of those that only chew the cud or only have a divided hoof, you are not to eat the following: 1
The camel, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you.
The rock badger, 2 though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you. Pro 30:26Psa 104:182Ti 3:5Job 36:14Mat 7:26Php 3:18-19Rom 2:18-24Tit 1:16
The rabbit, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you. Deu 14:7
And the pig, though it has a split hoof completely divided, does not chew the cud; it is unclean for you. Deu 14:8Isa 65:4Isa 66:17Isa 66:3Luk 15:15Luk 8:33Mat 7:62Pe 2:18-22
You must not eat their meat or touch their carcasses; they are unclean for you. Col 2:16Heb 9:10Hos 9:3Isa 52:11Lev 5:21Co 8:82Co 6:17Act 10:10-15
Of all the creatures that live in the water, whether in the seas or in the streams, you may eat anything with fins and scales. 1Jn 5:2-5Act 20:21Deu 14:9-10Gal 5:6Jas 2:18
But the following among all the teeming life and creatures in the water are detestable to you: everything in the seas or streams that does not have fins and scales. Lev 7:18Pro 29:27Deu 14:3Pro 13:20Psa 139:21-22Rev 21:8 They shall be an abomination to you; you must not eat their meat, and you must detest their carcasses. Everything in the water that does not have fins and scales shall be detestable to you.
Additionally, you are to detest the following birds, and they must not be eaten because they are detestable: Deu 14:12-20Hab 1:8Hos 8:1Jer 4:13Jer 4:22Jer 48:40Job 28:7Job 38:41
the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,
the kite, any kind of falcon,
any kind of raven, Luk 12:241Ki 17:41Ki 17:6Gen 8:7Pro 30:17
the ostrich, 3 the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk, 1Th 5:5-7Deu 14:15-18Eph 2:2-3Eph 4:18-19Eph 5:7-11Isa 13:21-22Isa 34:11-15Jhn 3:19-21
the little owl, the cormorant, the great owl,
the white owl, the desert owl, the osprey,
the stork, any kind of heron,
the hoopoe, and the bat.
All flying insects that walk on all fours are detestable to you. 1Jn 2:15-172Ki 17:28-412Ti 4:10Deu 14:19Jud 1:10Jud 1:19Lev 11:23Lev 11:27 However, you may eat the following kinds of flying insects that walk on all fours: those having jointed legs above their feet for hopping on the ground. Of these you may eat any kind of locust, katydid, cricket, or grasshopper. Mat 3:4Mrk 1:6Exo 10:4-5Heb 12:12-13Heb 5:11Isa 35:3Rom 14:1Rom 15:1 All other flying insects that have four legs are detestable to you.
These creatures will make you unclean. Whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean until evening, 1Co 15:331Jn 1:72Co 6:17Col 2:16-17Col 2:20Eph 2:1-3Eph 5:11Heb 9:26 and whoever picks up one of their carcasses must wash his clothes, and he will be unclean until evening. Lev 11:40Lev 14:8Lev 15:5Num 31:24Lev 16:28Num 19:101Jn 1:71Pe 3:21
Every animal with hooves not completely divided 4or that does not chew the cud is unclean for you. Whoever touches any of them will be unclean.
All the four-footed animals that walk on their paws are unclean for you; whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean until evening, Lev 11:23Lev 11:20 and anyone who picks up a carcass must wash his clothes, and he will be unclean until evening. They are unclean for you. Lev 11:24-25
The following creatures that move along the ground are unclean for you: the mole, the mouse, any kind of great lizard, Lev 11:41-422Ti 3:2-5Col 3:5Eph 4:14Hag 2:6Heb 13:5Isa 66:17Jhn 6:26 the gecko, the monitor lizard, the common lizard, the skink, and the chameleon.
These animals are unclean for you among all the crawling creatures. Whoever touches them when they are dead shall be unclean until evening. Lev 11:24-25Lev 11:8 When one of them dies and falls on something, that article becomes unclean; any article of wood, clothing, leather, sackcloth, or any implement used for work must be rinsed with water and will remain unclean until evening; then it will be clean. Lev 15:12Tit 3:5Lev 6:28Tit 2:14 If any of them falls into a clay pot, everything in it will be unclean; you must break the pot. Lev 15:12Lev 6:282Co 5:1-8Jer 48:38Lev 11:35Lev 14:45Php 3:21 Any food coming into contact with water from that pot will be unclean, and any drink in such a container will be unclean. Pro 15:8Pro 21:27Pro 21:4Pro 28:8Tit 1:15
Anything upon which one of their carcasses falls will be unclean. If it is an oven or cooking pot, it must be smashed; it is unclean and will remain unclean for you. 2Co 5:1-7Lev 11:33Lev 15:12Lev 6:28 Nevertheless, a spring or cistern containing water will remain clean, but one who touches a carcass in it will be unclean. Jhn 4:14Zec 13:1 If a carcass falls on any seed for sowing, the seed is clean; 1Co 15:371Jn 3:91Jn 5:181Pe 1:23 but if water has been put on the seed and a carcass falls on it, it is unclean for you.
If an animal that you may eat dies, anyone who touches the carcass will be unclean until evening. Lev 11:24Lev 11:28Lev 11:31Lev 11:40Lev 15:5Lev 15:7Num 19:11Num 19:16 Whoever eats from the carcass must wash his clothes and will be unclean until evening, and anyone who picks up the carcass must wash his clothes and will be unclean until evening. Ezk 44:31Lev 22:8Deu 14:21Exo 22:31Ezk 4:141Co 10:211Co 6:111Jn 1:7
Every creature that moves along the ground is detestable; it must not be eaten. Lev 11:29Lev 11:20Lev 11:23 Do not eat any creature that moves along the ground, whether it crawls on its belly or walks on four or more feet; for such creatures are detestable. 2Co 11:132Co 11:3Gen 3:14-15Isa 65:25Jhn 8:44Mat 23:23Mat 3:7Mic 7:17
Do not defile yourselves by any crawling creature; do not become unclean or defiled by them. Lev 20:25Lev 11:41-42 For I am the LORD your God; consecrate yourselves, therefore, and be holy, because I am holy. 5 You must not defile yourselves by any creature that crawls along the ground. Exo 20:21Pe 1:15-16Lev 19:2Lev 20:71Th 4:7Lev 20:261Pe 2:9Lev 21:8 For I am the LORD, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt so that I would be your God; therefore be holy, because I am holy. Lev 11:44Exo 20:2Exo 6:71Pe 1:161Th 4:7Psa 105:43-45Hos 11:1Lev 25:38
This is the law regarding animals, birds, all living creatures that move in the water, and all creatures that crawl along the ground. Ezk 43:12Lev 14:54Lev 15:32Lev 7:37 You must distinguish between the unclean and the clean, between animals that may be eaten and those that may not.’” Lev 10:10Ezk 44:23Rom 14:13-23Mal 3:18Rom 14:2-3